@article {250,
	title = {Role of Pre-A motif in nitric oxide scavenging by truncated hemoglobin, HbN, of Mycobacterium tuberculosis},
	journal = {The Journal of biological chemistry},
	volume = {284},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009/05/22/},
	pages = {14457 - 14468},
	abstract = {Mycobacterium tuberculosis truncated hemoglobin, HbN, is endowed with a potent nitric-oxide dioxygenase activity and has been found to relieve nitrosative stress and enhance in vivo survival of a heterologous host, Salmonella enterica Typhimurium, within the macrophages. These findings implicate involvement of HbN in the defense of M. tuberculosis against nitrosative stress. The protein carries a tunnel system composed of a short and a long tunnel branch that has been proposed to facilitate diatomic ligand migration to the heme and an unusual Pre-A motif at the N terminus, which does not contribute significantly to the structural integrity of the protein, as it protrudes out of the compact globin fold. Strikingly, deletion of Pre-A region from the M. tuberculosis HbN drastically reduces its ability to scavenge nitric oxide (NO), whereas its insertion at the N terminus of Pre-A lacking HbN of Mycobacterium smegmatis improved its nitric-oxide dioxygenase activity. Titration of the oxygenated adduct of HbN and its mutants with NO indicated that the stoichiometric oxidation of protein is severalfold slower when the Pre-A region is deleted in HbN. Molecular dynamics simulations show that the excision of Pre-A motif results in distinct changes in the protein dynamics, which cause the gate of the tunnel long branch to be trapped into a closed conformation, thus impeding migration of diatomic ligands toward the heme active site. The present study, thus, unequivocally demonstrates vital function of Pre-A region in NO scavenging and unravels its unique role by which HbN might attain its efficient NO-detoxification ability.},
	keywords = {Amino Acid Motifs; Amino Acid Sequence; Circular Dichroism; Computer Simulation; Crystallography, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutant Proteins/chemistry/metabolism; Mycobacterium smegmatis/drug effects/metabolism; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects/metabolism; Nitric Oxide/metabolism/toxicity; Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects; Pliability/d, Secondary; Sequence Deletion/drug effects; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thermodynamics; Truncated Hemoglobins/chemistry/metabolism, X-Ray; Escherichia coli/drug effects; Free Radical Scavengers/metabolism; Models},
	author = {Lama,A. and Pawaria,S. and A. Bidon-Chanal and Anand,A. and Gelpi,J. L. and Arya,S. and Marti,M. and D. A. Estrin and F. J. Luque and Dikshit,K. L.}
}
