http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/es/taxocsv0/biocompatible es http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/es/content/hidroxiapatita <div class="field-group-tabs-wrapper field-group-tabs group-tab2 "><h2 class="element-invisible">Pestañas verticales</h2><div class="vertical-tabs-panes"><input class="vertical-tabs-active-tab" type="hidden" /> <fieldset class="field-group-tab group-dades-generals collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_dades_generals"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Datos generales</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field field-name-field-classificaci- field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Clasificación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/cmematerials/es/taxocsv0/cer%C3%A0mic" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel">Cerámico</a></div><div class="field-item odd"><a href="/cmematerials/es/taxocsv0/d%C3%BAs-espec%C3%ADfic" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel">De uso específico</a></div><div class="field-item even"><a href="/cmematerials/es/taxocsv0/biocompatible" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel">Biocompatible</a></div><div class="field-item odd"><a href="/cmematerials/es/taxocsv0/hidroxiapatita" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel">Hidroxiapatita</a></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-composicio-quimica field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Composición química:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Ca<sub10>(PO₄)₆(OH)₂</sub10></p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><p>La composición de la hidroxiapatita obtenida por FRX es:</p> <table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width: 500px;"><tbody><tr><td class="rtecenter"><strong>Componente</strong></td> <td class="rtecenter"><strong>%</strong></td> </tr><tr><td class="rtecenter">CaO</td> <td class="rtecenter">52</td> </tr><tr><td class="rtecenter">P₂O₅</td> <td class="rtecenter">35</td> </tr></tbody></table><p><span style="line-height: 1.6em;">Oxidos con composición inferior al 1%: MgO, SumLa..Lu y SiO₂.</span></p> <p><strong style="line-height: 1.6em;">Estructura de la hidroxiapatita</strong></p> <p><strong style="line-height: 1.6em;">​<img alt="" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/UnitatEstructural/Hidroxiapatita.jpg" style="width: 496px; height: 282px;" />​</strong></p> <p><strong>Estructuras cristalinas : </strong>Este fosfato cristaliza en el sistema hexagonal, grupo de simetria P63/m,con valores de red a = b = 9,432 Å y c = 6,88 Å.</p> </div></div></div></div></fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group-tab group-caracteritzacio collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_caracteritzacio"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Caracterización</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field-collection-container clearfix"><div class="field field-name-field-g-difracci-de-raigs-x field-type-field-collection field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Difracción de Rayos X:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-difracci-de-raigs-x clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-difracci-de-raigs-x/1212" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-difraccio-raigs-x field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Difracción de Rayos X:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/difraccio_de_raigs_x/Hidroxiapatita.jpg" width="2989" height="1846" alt="" title="Difractograma de raigs X d&#039;hidroxiapatita en pols" /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-difraccio-raigs-x-desc field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Descripción:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Difractograma de rayos X de hidroxiapatita en polvo</p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="field-item odd"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-difracci-de-raigs-x clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-difracci-de-raigs-x/1213" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-difraccio-raigs-x field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Difracción de Rayos X:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/difraccio_de_raigs_x/Hidroxiapatita1.jpg" width="3013" height="1831" alt="" title="Difractograma de raigs X d&#039;hidroxiapatita Sinteritzada" /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-difraccio-raigs-x-prep field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Preparación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Difractograma de rayos X de hidroxiapatita sinteritzada</p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="field-item even"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full field-collection-view-final"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-difracci-de-raigs-x clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-difracci-de-raigs-x/1214" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-difraccio-raigs-x field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Difracción de Rayos X:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/difraccio_de_raigs_x/Hidroxiapatita2.jpg" width="2990" height="1836" alt="" title="Difractograma de raigs X de recobriment de hidroxiapatita" /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-difraccio-raigs-x-prep field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Preparación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Difractograma de rayos X de un recubrimiento de hidroxiapatita</p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="field-collection-container clearfix"><div class="field field-name-field-g-microscopia-optica field-type-field-collection field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Microscopia óptica:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full field-collection-view-final"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-microscopia-optica clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-microscopia-optica/1215" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-optica field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Microscopia óptica:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/microscopia_optica/Hidroxiapatita.jpg" width="379" height="396" alt="" /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-optica-prep field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Preparación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Imagen de hidroxiapatita sinterizada</p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div></div><div class="field-collection-container clearfix"><div class="field field-name-field-g-microscopia-electronica- field-type-field-collection field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Microscopia electrónica de barrido:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-microscopia-electronica- clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-microscopia-electronica-/1216" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-sc field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Microscopia electrónica de barrido:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/microscopia_electronica_sc/Hidroxiapatita.jpg" width="1474" height="1189" alt="" title="Micrografia Nº1Recobriment de la mostra amb Au. " /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-pr field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Preparación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Recubrimiento de la muestra con Au.</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-de field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Descripción:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p><img alt="" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/EDS/Hidroxiapatita1.jpg" style="width: 689px; height: 359px;" /></p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="field-item odd"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-microscopia-electronica- clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-microscopia-electronica-/1217" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-sc field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Microscopia electrónica de barrido:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/microscopia_electronica_sc/Hidroxiapatita2.jpg" width="1474" height="1191" alt="" title="Micrografia Nº2" /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-pr field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Preparación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>La muestra se ha recubierto con Au.</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-de field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Descripción:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>EDS 2.Polvo de partícula</p> <p><img alt="" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/EDS/Hidroxiapatita2.jpg" style="width: 689px; height: 359px;" />​</p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="field-item even"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-microscopia-electronica- clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-microscopia-electronica-/1218" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-sc field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Microscopia electrónica de barrido:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/microscopia_electronica_sc/Hidroxiapatita3.jpg" width="1024" height="943" alt="" title="Micrografia Nº3." /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-pr field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Preparación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Recubrimiento con Au</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-de field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Descripción:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p><img alt="" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/EDS/Hidroxiapatita3.jpg" style="width: 536px; height: 437px;" /></p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="field-item odd"><div class="field-collection-view clearfix view-mode-full field-collection-view-final"><div class="entity entity-field-collection-item field-collection-item-field-g-microscopia-electronica- clearfix" about="/cmematerials/es/field-collection/field-g-microscopia-electronica-/1219" typeof=""> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-sc field-type-image field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Microscopia electrónica de barrido:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/sites/default/files/microscopia_electronica_sc/Hidroxiapatita4.jpg" width="1024" height="943" alt="" title="Micrografia Nº4. recobriment amb Au" /></div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-microscopia-electronica-pr field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Preparación:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Recubrimiento con Au</p> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div></div></div></div></div></div></fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group-tab group-prgenerals collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_prgenerals"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Propiedades generales</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field field-name-field-densitat field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Densidad:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>3.05 - 3.15 g/cm³</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-porositat-melt-flow field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Porosidad &quot;Melt flow&quot;:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>0.1 - 3 %</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-preu field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Precio:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>2.8-4.2 €/Kg</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-generals-observa field-type-text-long field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Observaciones:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Celda unitaria hexagonal</p> <p>Constantes de red:</p> <p>a = 9.432 Å</p> <p>c = 6.881 Å</p> </div></div></div></div></fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group-tab group-prmecaniques collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_prmecaniques"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Propiedades mecánicas</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field field-name-field-modul-elastic field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Módulo elástico:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>7 - 13 GPa</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-relacio-poisson field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Coeficiente de Poisson:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>0.270</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-resis-mec-compressio field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Resistencia mecánica a la compresión:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>350 - 450 MPa</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-resis-mec-flexio field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Resistencia mecánica a la flexión:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>100 - 120 MPa</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-resis-mec-traccio field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Resistencia mecánica a la tracción:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>38 - 48 MPa</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-duresa field-type-tablefield field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Dureza:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><div id="tablefield-wrapper-0" class="tablefield-wrapper"><table id="tablefield-0" class="tablefield sticky-enabled"> <thead><tr><th class="row_0 col_0"><p>A la temperatura de:</p> </th><th class="row_0 col_1"><p>Mohs</p> </th> </tr></thead> <tbody> <tr class="odd"><td class="row_1 col_0"><p>T_amb</p> </td><td class="row_1 col_1"><p> 5</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div></div></div></div></div></fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group-tab group-proptiques collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_proptiques"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Propiedades ópticas</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field field-name-field-index-de-refraccio field-type-text field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Índex de refracció:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>nω: 1.651 / nε:1.644</p> </div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-observaciones-prop-optique field-type-text-with-summary field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Observaciones:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>birrefringencia: 0.007</p> </div></div></div></div></fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group-htab group-prquimiques collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_prquimiques"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Propiedades químicas</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field field-name-field-obs-prop-quimi field-type-text-with-summary field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Observaciones:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p>Las propiedades que presentan estas cerámicas son: inercia química en contacto con fluidos biológicos, biocompatibilidad, alta resistencia a la compresión y a la fricción y, en ocasiones, cierta bioactividad.</p> <p> </p> </div></div></div></div></fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group-htab group-conformacio collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_conformacio"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Conformación</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field field-name-field-obs-conformacio field-type-text-with-summary field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Observaciones:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p><span style="line-height: 1.6em;">La síntesi de la hidroxiapatita puede hacerse por la vía del nitrato de calcio/fosfato de amonio:</span></p> <p>10Ca(NO₃)_2·4H₂O + 6NH₄H₂PO₄ +14NH₄OH →Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂ + 20NH₄NO₃ + 52H₂O</p> <p>La reacción se lleva a cabo en condiciones de alta basicidad y evitando la presencia de contaminantes metalicos como Mg²⁺ y Cl^-. La pulpa se obtiene a partir de succesivos procesos de agitación, reposo, decantación y limpieza, para finalmente centrifugar.</p> </div></div></div></div></fieldset> <fieldset class="field-group-htab group-aplicacions collapsible collapsed form-wrapper" id="node_materials_rss_group_aplicacions"><legend><span class="fieldset-legend">Aplicaciones</span></legend><div class="fieldset-wrapper"><div class="field field-name-field-obs-aplicacio field-type-text-with-summary field-label-above"><div class="field-label">Observaciones:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><p><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">La hidroxiapatita Ca</span><sub style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">10-x</sub><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">(PO</span><sub style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">4</sub><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">)</span><sub style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">x</sub><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">(HPO</span><sub style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">4</sub><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">)</span><sub style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">6-x</sub><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;">(OH)</span><sub style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(239, 239, 239);">2-x</sub><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 10px; line-height: normal;"> con 0&lt;x&lt;1 es el principal componente inorganico de los huesos de los vertebrados; también la encontramos en la dentina y el esmalte dental. Obtenida de manera sintética presenta características de biocompatibilidad, no toxicidad, estabilidad química; estas características lo hacen muy útil como material en prótesis.</span></p> </div></div></div></div></fieldset> </div></div><ul class="links inline"><li class="translation_ca first last"><a href="/cmematerials/ca/content/hidroxiapatita" title="Hidroxiapatita" class="translation-link">Català</a></li> </ul> Sun, 03 May 2015 19:32:23 +0000 editor 227 at http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials http://www.ub.edu/cmematerials/es/content/hidroxiapatita#comments