{"id":2138,"date":"2015-09-28T10:02:03","date_gmt":"2015-09-28T08:02:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ub.edu\/plasostenibilitat\/?p=2138"},"modified":"2023-03-24T07:36:37","modified_gmt":"2023-03-24T07:36:37","slug":"don-provenen-els-aliments-que-mengem-eco2-0-39","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\/don-provenen-els-aliments-que-mengem-eco2-0-39","title":{"rendered":"D\u2019on provenen els aliments que mengem? (Eco2.0-30)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Molts dels <strong>aliments<\/strong> que mengem han <strong>viatjat molts quil\u00f2metres<\/strong> abans d&#8217;arribar al nostre plat. Segons un <a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.tierra.org\/spip\/IMG\/pdf\/alimentos_kilometricos_2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">informe de l\u2019associaci\u00f3 Amigos de la Tierra, amb la col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 de les Universitats de Sevilla, Vigo i Pablo Olavide<\/a>, Espanya va importar l&#8217;any 2011 prop de 25 milions de tones d&#8217;aliments, els quals van rec\u00f3rrer de mitjana uns 4.000 km, generant unes emissions de CO\u2082 de m\u00e9s de 4 milions de tones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone wp-image-6845\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"950\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/fruita-950x1024.jpg\" alt=\"productes alimentaris, tant fruites com verdures\" class=\"wp-image-6845\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/fruita-950x1024.jpg 950w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/fruita-278x300.jpg 278w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/fruita.jpg 1793w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Imatge amb exemples de productes alimentaris. Font: Wikimedia Commons.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La majoria de les importacions procedeixen d&#8217;Europa i d&#8217;Am\u00e8rica Central i del Sud, tot i que podem trobar productes d&#8217;arreu del m\u00f3n. Per exemple, de M\u00e8xic importem cigrons, de Fran\u00e7a sucre, pomes i productes c\u00e0rnics, d&#8217;It\u00e0lia vins, de Brasil cereals, d&#8217;Argentina pinsos i peix, i de Vietnam t\u00e9, caf\u00e8 i esp\u00e8cies. Els aliments que m\u00e9s dist\u00e0ncia recorren s\u00f3n els pinsos pels animals, el peix, el caf\u00e8 i les esp\u00e8cies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignnone wp-image-6844 size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/distanciesquerecorrenelsaliments-1024x460.png\" alt=\"gr\u00e0fic de dist\u00e0ncies mitjanes recorregudes pels grups d\u00b4aliments\" class=\"wp-image-6844\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/distanciesquerecorrenelsaliments-1024x460.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/distanciesquerecorrenelsaliments-300x135.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/09\/distanciesquerecorrenelsaliments.png 1146w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Gr\u00e0fic de les dist\u00e0ncies mitjanes recorregudes per grups d&#8217;aliments (1995-2011). Font: Elaboraci\u00f3 pr\u00f2pia a partir de dades de Amigos de la Tierra.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No nom\u00e9s la dist\u00e0ncia que recorren els aliments afecta el seu impacte ambiental, sin\u00f3 que tamb\u00e9 influeix el <strong>mitj\u00e0 de transport<\/strong> utilitzat. L&#8217;avi\u00f3 \u00e9s el mitj\u00e0\u00a0m\u00e9s ineficient, seguit del cami\u00f3, el vaixell i per \u00faltim el ferrocarril. Gaireb\u00e9 tots els aliments procedents d&#8217;Europa es traslladen per carretera, mentre que el vaixell \u00e9s el mitj\u00e0 m\u00e9s habitual per importar productes d&#8217;altres continents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tot i que Espanya produeix una elevada quantitat de productes alimentaris, una gran part \u00e9s exportada, existint un flux d&#8217;entrada i sortida constant de productes. Per exemple, un 21% de les pomes produ\u00efdes s\u00f3n exportades, i s&#8217;importa una quantitat equivalent al 39% del que es produeix. Aquest flux constant d&#8217;aliments entre els pa\u00efsos suposa un elevat impacte ambiental associat a la despesa energ\u00e8tica i a les emissions de CO\u2082 del seu transport i conservaci\u00f3 adequada durant el despla\u00e7ament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L&#8217;impacte ambiental de la producci\u00f3 local d&#8217;aliments s&#8217;estima entre 5 i 40 vegades menor que en el cas dels productes importats, fent pal\u00e8s que el consum local d&#8217;aliments \u00e9s molt menys contaminant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qu\u00e8 podem fer per reduir la petjada ecol\u00f2gica dels nostres aliments?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mira la proced\u00e8ncia dels productes que consumeixes a la seva etiqueta.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consumeix productes locals, coneguts com de \u201cquil\u00f2metre zero\u201d i de proximitat, per reduir l&#8217;impacte associat al seu transport.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Escull <a href=\"http:\/\/acsa.gencat.cat\/ca\/eines_i_recursos\/material_divulgatiu\/fitxes_de_productes_vegetals_de_temporada\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">productes de temporada<\/a> per respectar el cicle natural dels aliments i evitar l&#8217;impacte ambiental associat a la producci\u00f3 agr\u00edcola intensiva.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Opta per aliments frescos, enlloc de congelats, i amb el menor nombre d&#8217;embalatges.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Participa en alguna cooperativa de consum ecol\u00f2gic, entitats que promouen els productes de proximitat i de temporada, aix\u00ed com l&#8217;agricultura ecol\u00f2gica.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conserva els aliments adequadament, per tal d&#8217;evitar que es facin malb\u00e9 abans de ser consumits.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e9s informaci\u00f3&#8230;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"http:\/\/www.alimentoskilometricos.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Calculadora de CO\u2082 aliments<\/a>. Amigos de la Tierra<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.odg.cat\/sites\/default\/files\/ruta_tomaquet_cat.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">La ruta del tom\u00e0quet. Eines de reflexi\u00f3 cap a una nova cultura del consum urb\u00e0<\/a>. Observatori del Deute en la Globalitzaci\u00f3, 2014.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Molts dels aliments que mengem han viatjat molts quil\u00f2metres abans d\u2019arribar al nostre plat. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":62,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[89,98,25,116,90,22],"class_list":["post-2138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualitat-medi-ambient","tag-alimentacio","tag-consum-responsable","tag-ecoconsells","tag-emissions-co2","tag-malbaratament","tag-mobilitat"],"author_meta":{"display_name":"OSSMA","author_link":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/author\/ossmau1"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/02\/ecoconsells.jpg","coauthors":[],"tax_additional":{"categories":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Medi Ambient<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Medi Ambient<\/span>"]},"tags":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">alimentaci\u00f3<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">consum responsable<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">ecoconsells<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">emissions CO2<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">malbaratament<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/actualitat-medi-ambient\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">mobilitat<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">alimentaci\u00f3<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">consum responsable<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">ecoconsells<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">emissions CO2<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">malbaratament<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">mobilitat<\/span>"]}},"comment_count":"2","relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 11 years ago","modified":"Updated 3 years ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on 28\/09\/2015","modified":"Updated on 24\/03\/2023"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on 28\/09\/2015 10:02","modified":"Updated on 24\/03\/2023 7:36"},"featured_img_caption":"","series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2138"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46531,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2138\/revisions\/46531"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/ossma\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}