{"id":3565,"date":"2023-09-27T15:20:48","date_gmt":"2023-09-27T15:20:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/?page_id=3565"},"modified":"2025-07-21T16:56:36","modified_gmt":"2025-07-21T16:56:36","slug":"sampling-methodology","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/sampling-methodology\/","title":{"rendered":"Sampling Methodology"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3565\" class=\"elementor elementor-3565\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-697c937 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"697c937\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fa6ab9e\" data-id=\"fa6ab9e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5165103a elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-heading\" data-id=\"5165103a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" ><div class=\"ekit-heading elementskit-section-title-wraper center   ekit_heading_tablet-   ekit_heading_mobile-\"><h2 class=\"ekit-heading--title elementskit-section-title \">Sampling Methodology<\/h2><div class=\"ekit_heading_separetor_wraper ekit_heading_elementskit-border-divider elementskit-style-long\"><div class=\"elementskit-border-divider elementskit-style-long\"><\/div><\/div><h3 class=\"ekit-heading--subtitle elementskit-section-subtitle  \">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tRACA-Med: Organic Residues Analyses\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1f8fa9e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1f8fa9e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d2ac37\" data-id=\"3d2ac37\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d3b7c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4d3b7c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 26-03-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/21_Sampling-1.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"21_Sampling 1\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzczMywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy51Yi5lZHVcL3JhY2FtZWRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC8yMV9TYW1wbGluZy0xLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/21_Sampling-1-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3733\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/21_Sampling-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/21_Sampling-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/21_Sampling-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/21_Sampling-1.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09440c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"09440c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/22_Sampling-2.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"22_Sampling 2\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzczMiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy51Yi5lZHVcL3JhY2FtZWRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC8yMl9TYW1wbGluZy0yLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/22_Sampling-2-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3732\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/22_Sampling-2-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/22_Sampling-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/22_Sampling-2-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/22_Sampling-2.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51dba46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"51dba46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/23_Sampling-3.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"23_Sampling 3\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzczMSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3d3dy51Yi5lZHVcL3JhY2FtZWRcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC8yM19TYW1wbGluZy0zLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/23_Sampling-3-1024x768.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3731\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/23_Sampling-3-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/23_Sampling-3-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/23_Sampling-3-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/23_Sampling-3.jpg 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c3d7abd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c3d7abd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 26-03-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW248718051 BCX8\">Sampling<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW248718051 BCX8\">an<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW248718051 BCX8\">Agora<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248718051 BCX8\"> G 198 <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW248718051 BCX8\">amphora<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW248718051 BCX8\"> in <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SpellingErrorV2Themed SCXW248718051 BCX8\">Pompeii<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55a2d1d\" data-id=\"55a2d1d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c897344 elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c897344\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In order to process samples with GC-MS we need to have pottery powder.<\/p><p>To obtain this powder and avoid post-depositional contamination, when it is possible we take a fragment of the pottery and we sub-sample it in the laboratory (ideal situation). Before sampling in the field however we clean the surface of the pottery with a clean scalpel. The sample (fragment of the pottery is placed in alluminium foil and taken to the laboratory. Do not touch the alluminium foil nor the pottery with hands. Once in the laboratory, samples are mechanically cleaned with a Dremmel and pulverized in mortar.<\/p><p>If it is not possible to take a fragment of the pottery (usually due to the fact that amphorae are complete)we sample in the field (not recommended). In this case we take out all possible content of the amphora in the laboratory. After this, we clean very well the area that is going to be sampled as well as the area where it is possible that scraped powder could be in contact. We place alluminium foil in the best situation to collect all the powder obtained, and avoid the powder to be in tough with dirty surfaces. We use a clean scalpel (cleaned with acetone and chloroform) and we scrape the interior surface of the amphora until obtaining the needed quantity of powder (should be 3 gr at least).<\/p><p>A Dremmel drill can be used. However, it is very important to be careful that the powder will not get in contact with dirty surfaces. The point (diamante is usually adequate) has to be cleaned with acetone and chlorophorm before use. Whenever possible it is very important to take a control sample of the stratigraphic unit where the samples were recovered, to be able to check for post-depositional contamination.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5a17db9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5a17db9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5eaae7f\" data-id=\"5eaae7f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ccb2cdc\" data-id=\"ccb2cdc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0faaca elementor-widget-tablet__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f0faaca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In order to process samples with GC-MS we need to have pottery powder.<\/p><p>To obtain this powder and avoid post-depositional contamination, when it is possible we take a fragment of the pottery and we sub-sample it in the laboratory (ideal situation). Before sampling in the field however we clean the surface of the pottery with a clean scalpel. The sample (fragment of the pottery is placed in alluminium foil and taken to the laboratory. Do not touch the alluminium foil nor the pottery with hands. Once in the laboratory, samples are mechanically cleaned with a Dremmel and pulverized in mortar.<\/p><p>If it is not possible to take a fragment of the pottery (usually due to the fact that amphorae are complete)we sample in the field (not recommended). In this case we take out all possible content of the amphora in the laboratory. After this, we clean very well the area that is going to be sampled as well as the area where it is possible that scraped powder could be in contact. We place alluminium foil in the best situation to collect all the powder obtained, and avoid the powder to be in tough with dirty surfaces. We use a clean scalpel (cleaned with acetone and chloroform) and we scrape the interior surface of the amphora until obtaining the needed quantity of powder (should be 3 gr at least).<\/p><p>A Dremmel drill can be used. However, it is very important to be careful that the powder will not get in contact with dirty surfaces. The point (diamante is usually adequate) has to be cleaned with acetone and chlorophorm before use. Whenever possible it is very important to take a control sample of the stratigraphic unit where the samples were recovered, to be able to check for post-depositional contamination.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-633abc75 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"633abc75\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6aa8e145\" data-id=\"6aa8e145\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sampling Methodology RACA-Med: Organic Residues Analyses Sampling an Agora G 198 amphora in Pompeii In order to process samples with GC-MS we need to have pottery powder. To obtain this &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/sampling-methodology\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Sampling Methodology<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"enabled","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3565","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3565","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3565"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3565\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3739,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3565\/revisions\/3739"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/racamed\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3565"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}