{"id":2356,"date":"2011-03-02T08:30:48","date_gmt":"2011-03-02T07:30:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/?p=2356"},"modified":"2024-10-09T16:07:25","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T14:07:25","slug":"google-books-ngram-viewer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/google-books-ngram-viewer\/","title":{"rendered":"Google Books Ngram Viewer"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Els traductors i correctors sovint fem cerques a Google per esbrinar l\u2019\u00fas o la freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de determinats termes. El problema \u00e9s que hem d\u2019anar discriminant entre el que \u00e9s \u00abfiable\u00bb i el que no. Us presentem una nova eina que ens fa la cerca <em>nom\u00e9s en textos publicats<\/em>:\u00b9 es diu <a title=\"Google Books Ngram Viewer\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/ngrams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google Books Ngram Viewer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong> Com funciona?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Aneu al web de\u00a0   <a title=\"Google Books Ngram Viewer\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/ngrams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google Books Ngram Viewer<\/a> i poseu la paraula o seq\u00fc\u00e8ncia que us interessa cercar en el primer quadre (si voleu posar-hi diverses paraules, cal separar-les amb coma). En el nostre cas, hem cercat <em>emprendimiento<\/em> al corpus d\u2019espanyol entre els anys 1800 i 2000.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/ggl-gram-nviewer-cerca2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2408\" title=\"ggl-gram-nviewer-cerca\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/ggl-gram-nviewer-cerca2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/ggl-gram-nviewer-cerca2.png 491w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/ggl-gram-nviewer-cerca2-300x124.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/ggl-gram-nviewer-cerca2-332x137.png 332w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 491px) 100vw, 491px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>2. Quan feu clic a la icona <em>Search lots of books<\/em>, us ensenya un gr\u00e0fic on es veu molt clarament quin ha estat l\u2019\u00fas d\u2019aquesta paraula, que ha estat inclosa a la 23a edici\u00f3 de la RAE.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/emprendimiento_Ngram-viewer.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2395\" title=\"emprendimiento_Ngram viewer\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/emprendimiento_Ngram-viewer.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"588\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/emprendimiento_Ngram-viewer.jpg 919w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/emprendimiento_Ngram-viewer-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/emprendimiento_Ngram-viewer-700x345.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/emprendimiento_Ngram-viewer-332x163.jpg 332w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 588px) 100vw, 588px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>3.    Si feu clic en els valors d\u2019anys, anireu a una cerca de Google amb les publicacions digitalitzades. Si hi feu clic, entrareu a la publicaci\u00f3 i, marcat en groc, veureu el que us interessa.<\/p>\n<p>I aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s tot, si dubteu entre dos termes, tamb\u00e9 podeu fer comparacions. Mireu-vos aquesta imatge:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/comparativa_Ngram-viewer1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2388 aligncenter\" title=\"comparativa_Ngram viewer\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/comparativa_Ngram-viewer1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"581\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/comparativa_Ngram-viewer1.jpg 907w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/comparativa_Ngram-viewer1-300x154.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/comparativa_Ngram-viewer1-700x361.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-content\/uploads\/comparativa_Ngram-viewer1-332x171.jpg 332w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Si voleu tenir en compte un rang de dades m\u00e9s ampli, podeu fer servir l&#8217;opci\u00f3 <em>smoothing<\/em>. Si hi poseu el valor 1 amb l\u2019any 1950, voldr\u00e0 dir que us far\u00e0 una mitjana amb l&#8217;any que us interessa (1950), l&#8217;any anterior (1949) i l&#8217;any posterior (1951). Aix\u00f2 es fa perqu\u00e8 sigui m\u00e9s fiable la mostra analitzada.<\/p>\n<p>Un punt important: perqu\u00e8 un mot aparegui al gr\u00e0fic ha de sortir almenys en quaranta llibres.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #888888;\">___________<\/span><\/p>\n<p>1. Com ja sabeu, Google ha digitalitzat\u00a0 un ingent nombre de publicacions (m\u00e9s de 12 milions de llibres, publicats entre el 1500 i el 2010) i que es poden consultar al <a href=\"http:\/\/books.google.com\/books\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google Books<\/a>. Dels llibres digitalitzats n\u2019ha extret onze corpus diferents en alemany, angl\u00e8s, espanyol, franc\u00e8s, hebreu, rus i xin\u00e8s. I ara tot aix\u00f2 est\u00e0 a la nostra disposici\u00f3 per fer-hi cerques gr\u00e0cies a <a title=\"Google Books Ngram Viewer\" href=\"https:\/\/books.google.com\/ngrams\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Google Books Ngram Viewer<\/a>. Esperem que ben aviat aquesta base de dades tamb\u00e9 inclogui un corpus en catal\u00e0.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Els traductors i correctors sovint fem cerques a Google per esbrinar l\u2019\u00fas o la freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia de determinats termes. El problema \u00e9s que hem d\u2019anar discriminant entre el que \u00e9s \u00abfiable\u00bb i el que no. Us presentem una nova eina que ens fa la cerca nom\u00e9s en textos publicats:\u00b9 es diu &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,1],"tags":[113,42],"class_list":["post-2356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cerques","category-retrucs","tag-cerca","tag-google","column","threecol"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2356"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2356\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ub.edu\/retrucs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}