Field Trips

Depositional Systems

    1. ✓Deepwater


    3. Basins for field trips on deepwater subject are:

    4. ‣Ainsa basin and Jaca basin (Eocene)

    5. ‣Ripoll basin (Eocene)

    6. ‣Areny basin (Upper Cretaceous)

    7. ‣Basque and Cantabrian basins (Cretaceous-Oligocene)


    9. GGAC has a vast deepwater dataset including:

    10. ‣Outcrop characterizations, and related tabulated data

    11. ‣Geophysical data (synthetic/real, surface and subsurface)

    12. ‣3-D hierarchical geocellular structure and facies models (basin-scale to bed-scale)

    13. ‣Flow-simulated upscaled models


    15. Topics that can be covered are:

    16. ‣Transport and sedimentation processes

    17. ‣Methods of architectural and stratigraphic analysis

    18. ‣Mass-transport deposits, origin and effects on reservoir distribution

    19. ‣Role of folding and faulting on turbidite sandstone distribution

    20. ‣From source to sink, contrasting continental and shallow-marine to deepwater terrigenous stratigraphy



    23. Examples of summary contents for some field trips on deepwater subject

    24. 1. Turbidite elements of the Ainsa and Jaca basins (Eocene, southern Pyrenees)


    26. The Ainsa and Jaca basins represent slope and base-of slope depositional settings, in a foredeep to piggy-back evolving basin context. The basin-fill is 4 km thick and can be subdivided as four major depositional cycles, bounded by kilometre- scaled mass-wasting truncation surfaces. Major cycle boundaries represent slope destruction episodes and thrust-driven basin reorganization. Each major cycle is made up of several turbidite systems (80-800 m thick), in turn made up of: stacked channel, overbank, and lobe elements plus a variety of mass-transport deposits. Outcrops allow for:

    27. ‣Comprehensive inspection of the transverse cross-sectional architecture of turbidite-channels and detailed correlation (bed by bed to package scale) of channel to overbank and mass-transport deposits in a direction perpendicular to paleoflow. Leading to complete understanding of the genetics and depositional heterogeneity of a variety of channel-fills elements (erosional, mixed, depositional).

    28. ‣3D-Stacking patterns of channel-fills, to be discussed in terms of growing-anticline topography. Gamma-Ray profiles and synthetic seismics are available for a discussion about resolution in seismics and scales of heterogeneity.

    29. ‣Mass-transport complexes vs. turbidite sandstone distribution

    30. ‣Detailed inspection of partial cross-sectional architecture of lobe elements

    31. ‣Facies trends across the slope and into the base-of-slope at the scale of individual turbidite systems (N/G, thickness, facies proportion )

    32. ‣Deepwater Ichnology. Several ichnospecies are present, some bear significant predictive implications, all are integrated in architectural analysis.

    33. ‣The contents of this trip are generally organized to be suitable for both exploration geologists/geophysicists, facies modelers, and reservoir engineers.


    35. 2. South-Pyrenean Mass-transport deposits


    37. Mass-transport deposits (MTD' s) represent a significant volume in many slope and base-of-slope settings. In general, the processes and products related to mass-transport tend to diminish petroleum potential, either by erosion/resedimentation or by substraction of accommodation space. However, some MTD' s can be reservoirs, and others indicate bypass and sand-accumulation.

    38. They can also relate to sequence boundaries. Understanding MTD' s is therefore relevant for the exploration geologist/geophysicist. South-Pyrenean MTD' s range from Upper-Cretaceous to Oligocene and occurred in different portions of foreland basins. Some are proven gas reservoirs. They can be terrigenous, carbonate, or mixed. They exhibit a variety of structures, from extensional and contractional slides and slumps to debris-flows.

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