ABOUT THE PROJECT
ARTSOUNDSCAPES is an ERC Advanced grant project led by Prof. Margarita Díaz-Andreu. It deals with sound, rock art and sacred landscapes among past hunter-gatherers and early agricultural societies around the world.
The potential of sound to stimulate powerful emotions makes it a common medium for conferring places with extraordinary agency. Ethnographic and ethnohistorical sources indicate that these sites are often endowed with a sacred significance and, in many cases, they also receive special treatment, including the production of rock paintings. Despite the aural experience being an integral component of the human condition and a key element in ritual, archaeology has largely been unable to study it systematically. Rock art landscapes are no exception and, although some studies have been made, they have largely been reproached for their lack of scientific rigour and subjectivity.
ARTSOUNDSCAPES will fully address this weakness by investigating the perception of sound in rock art landscapes from an interdisciplinary approach. Borrowing methods developed in acoustic engineering, the project will assess, from an objective and quantitative perspective, the acoustic properties of rock art landscapes in selected areas around the world.
Human experiences associated with altered or mystical states invoked by the identified special sonic characteristics of these landscapes will be further tested by exploring the psychoacoustic effects these soundscapes have on people and their neural correlate to brain activity. The project will also thoroughly survey ethnographic attitudes to sacred soundscapes based on both current premodern societies and ethnohistorical sources.
The combination of this array of interdisciplinary approaches will facilitate the ultimate aim of the project: to propose a phenomenological understanding of sacred soundscapes among late hunter-gatherers and early agriculturalists around the world.
FIELDWORK
RESEARCH LINES
The Artsoundscapes project has five research lines:
RL0: Rock Art;
RL1: Physical acoustics of rock art landscapes;
RL2: Psychoacoustics;
RL3: Neuropsychology;
RL4: Ethnography and ethnohistory;
RL5: Sacred soundscapes.
PAST PROJECTS
SONART PROJECT
Sounds of Rock Art. Archaeoacoustics and post- palaeolithic schematic art in the Western Mediterranean.
The SONART (2014-2016) project was aimed at enhancing and improving the study of the archaeoacoustics of post-paleolithic rock art in the Mediterranean Europe. The project will focused on the relevance of acoustics as a factor for the production, location and active use of rock art sites and landscapes in a sample of areas with Schematic rock art shelters dating from Neolithic to Early Bronze Age in the Western Mediterranean located in Italy (Gargano and Abruzzo), France (Var and Vaucluse) and Spain (Montblanc and San Servan). Schematic rock art is the only rock art tradition that is common in the whole of the Western Mediterranean. This style is characterised by the stylization and abstraction of representations, that are turned into mere outlines without losing the minimal identifying features. The aim of the project is to provide a level of objectivity, precision and accuracy in acoustic measurements and to develop a comparative study of the sensorial experiences sought by prehistoric communities. The main objectives were: 1/ to explore whether the selection of schematic rock art sites to be decorated was related to the sonority of the place, in particular on the basis of their potential for producing echoes; 2/ to assess in each location what type of sound produces better effects, whether sounds made by percussive, wind instruments or by vocal music; 3/ to infer commonalities in the cultural conventions regarding sensorial experiences.
Palarq-CST
The project Palarq-CST with the title “Análisis arqueoacústico del Cañón de Santa Teresa (Baja California Sur, México)” funded by the Fundació Palarq (2017-18) aims to verify if acoustics was an essential element in the production of the rock art of the Sierra de San Francisco / Arroyo de San Pablo area (Baja California Sur, Mexico) and in the possible meaning that this could have for the communities who produced and enjoyed these paintings. As objectives this project aims to investigate: 1. The relationship between the location of the paintings and the acoustic properties of the shelters in which they are found, especially in relation to echoes; 2. The connection between rock art and places of exceptional reverberation; and 3. The degree of audibility of hearing distant sounds that the painted rock shelters of the Santa Teresa Canyon may have.
MEMORISING
Full project Title: “Remembering the Sound of Images: Cross-cultural study of rock art soundscapes and knowledge transmission in the New and Old Worlds”.
How do societies remember? Memory is fragile and volatile and thus people around the world, and through time, have created ways to recall events and to share knowledge. The MEMORISING project will be a training-through-research project aiming to explore the relationships between memory, rock art and acoustics by using case studies from indigenous and non-indigenous backgrounds from Europe and America. I will compile and review the related literature on the aforementioned topics, and document the rock art and aural phenomena at rock art sites in both areas. I will record legends and traditions about the sites in Europe as well as stories, ritual activities and people’s perceptions at sites in America. Following the methodology received in my training at the UB, I will test the acoustics of rock art sites in both areas. The importance of sound to present-day local communities in both regions will be explored through ways learned at the UB in the form of interviews, historical and ethnographic accounts. Test areas will be located in Mediterranean Spain and Oaxaca in Mexico. MEMORISING is a multidisciplinary project integrating perspectives from archaeology, anthropology and acoustics. It aims also at contributing to the pride of place in the areas where the sites to be investigated are located. The MEMORISING project was held from 2018 to 2020 by Leslie Zubieta tutorised by Margarita Díaz-Andreu and funded by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016).